How do I make HTML tables accessible?

Use semantic markup: th elements with scope attributes for headers, caption for the table title, and thead/tbody/tfoot for grouping. Avoid merged cells when possible, and never use tables for page layout.

How do I make tables responsive?

The most reliable pattern is wrapping the table in a div with overflow-x: auto, allowing horizontal scrolling on narrow screens. This preserves the table's semantic structure and screen reader compatibility.

What is border-collapse in CSS?

border-collapse: collapse removes the default spacing between table cell borders, merging adjacent borders into a single line. This is the standard approach for modern table styling.

Should I use CSS Grid instead of HTML tables?

Use HTML tables for tabular data (data with meaningful row-column relationships). Use CSS Grid for page layout, card layouts, and visual arrangements that aren't semantically tabular.

How do I add sticky headers to a table?

Apply position: sticky; top: 0 to thead th elements. Set a background color so content doesn't show through, and add z-index: 1 so the header stays above scrolling rows.

HTML Tables: Styling & Accessibility Best Practices

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